Art of sizing warps



June 2, 1942. w. HARRIS ART 0F SIZING WARPS Original Filed May 29, 1939 A T TORNEY Reissued` June 2, 1942 ART F SIZING WARPS Wllllam- Harris, Paterson, N. J.

Original No. 2,263,547, dated November 18, 1941, Serial No. 276,372, May Z9, 1939. Application for reissue November 25, 1941, Serial N o. 420,408

`4 Claims.

solution completely evaporated or dispelled) iny the sense that at least the sized strands or threads will not adhere together and thus be likely to be broken or otherwise cause trouble when therwarp is used in the weaving step.

Another factor which must be taken into account in the drying of sized warps composed of fibers of certain synthetic materials is that such :iibers when wetted extend or readily yield to extension in length and when they are subjected to drying they contract in length. In drying a sized warp of this character it is known that the fibers of its strands or threads or the latter themselves are frequently broken or at least so weakened that they will break in the weaving operation. This has been because, being wetted and hencey lengthened, they then undergo the drying step having their eii'ort to contract opposed by the-adhesion, with friction, between them'and the succession of drums. One type oi such synthetic material is what is known as "regenerated cellulose.

According to the present invention a warp thus characterized is directed lengthwise of itself and meanwhile wetted with a sizing solution and, at several successive points within a heated drying zone. it is supported within and tractively impelled in substantially completely exposed state therethrough at such diierent speeds that at each such point which succeeds another the speed will be constant but slower than at the next preceding such point and the warp-carried liquid will be substantially completely dispeiled when the warp attains in its travel the last oi such successive points. By following this procedure,l

as considerable practice has shown, the warp may be beamed without undue adhesion of its component strands in the beamed mass and undue breakage of the fibers or strands and even undue weakening thereof may be avoided whether during the procedure or afterwards.

To illustrate my invention I show in the accompanying drawing and in side elevation the drums of a .so-called warp-sizing machine, the

quetch and the beaming means (the frame appearing in broken outline); the drums are equipped with gearing designed to accomplish my purpose. However, it will be understood that the invention is fundamentally concerned with no particular means or mechanism, being es sentially a method.

In the frame I of the machine are journaled the drums 2 in the arrangement shown, they being hollow and heated by steam admitted thereto, as disclosed for instance in the Johnson patent, No. 2,007,828. At 3 is the quetch here having three superposed rollers between two of which the warp extends, the lowest roller dipping in size solution in a tank 3a. At 4 is the beam on which to wind the treated warp. The warp a extends from the quetch alternately over and .under the drums and to the beam; as usual there is a guiding roller 5 at the approach side and another guiding roller i at the discharge side of the drums.

The drums have gears 2a. Between each two upper drums and meshing with their gears is a pinion l, and meshing with each such pinion and the corresponding lower drum-gear is a pinion 8. Thus an inter-geared system including the drums is formed. The drive for this system may be afforded by any rotary element, as 9, and act through any transmission means, as Ill-see the Johnson patent aforesaid, merely for example.

The gearing is such, as by the gears 2a being so graduated from right to leit (not shown) that the right-hand or first drum-gear has the least number of teeth, that the speeds of the drums are stepped down from right to left, or so that the rst drum rotates at the greatest speed.

The mentioned drying zone in this example has its width coextensive with the length of the series of drums.

The temperature of the drums will of course be that necessary, as usual, to perform the treatment with exception, but whatever it is the drive 9 oi the system is operated at such speed that at a given point in said zone (at latest at the point of delivery of the warp therefrom) the liquid (water) of the size solution will have become substantially completely evaporated or dispelled in the sense hereinbefore alluded to and anterior to that point the threads of the warp will be induced to contract. Meanwhile, since each drum relatively to the next succeeding drum is rotating at a superior speed, the warp will be impelled toward said point faster than it is at that point advanced. thus to permit the warp to contract; and in some cases, depending on the so accomplished that the contracting eort may expend itself substantially completely.

In drying certain sheet material, as paper, by it through a heated zone, it is known to impel the sheet at a greater speed at one point in its travel through said zone than at some point at which it is advanced and later passed thereby, thus to aiford some allowance for its contraction or shrinkage. But so far as I know this step has not been employed in the sizing of a warp, and as indicated my method distinguishes from such known procedure in these' further respects, to wit: that. it being a size in solution state that is applied to the warp and whose ultimate condition must be taken into account. the dispelling of the liquid thereof is substantially completed, in the sense herein indicated, at some point within the drying zone, and that. the heating being incidentally such that substantially complete contraction of the ilbers is possible, the superior speed at which anterior to said point the warp is impelled to'permit the contraction to ensue may be such, as in the case of some warps manifesting the hereinhefore indicated phenomenon, that the eiiort to contract may expend itself substantially completely.

In winding the warp on the beam, which may be driven in any way, the rotary. speed oi the beam is preferably so maintained that the warp will be wound on in more or less slack state so that if, as tovagrant threads oi' the warp, the size is not so completely dry that such threads would be sticky, the pressure incident to tension will not cause them to adhere to other threads.

Having thus fully described my invention. what I claim is:

l. The method o! treating a warp oi the class set forth which consists in directing the warp lengthwise of itself and meanwhile wetting it with a sizing solution and, at several successive points within a heated drying zone, supporting the warp within and at such several points also tractively impelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said zone at such different speeds that at each of said points which succeeds another the speed will be constant but slower than at the next preceding point and the warp-carried liquid of the solution will be substantially completely dispelled when the wana attains in its travel the last of said successive points. l

2. The method of treating a warp of the cla set forth which consists in directing the warp #104 kind. nature or quality of the warp that is to be lengthwise of itself and wetting it with a size solution and winding the warp in slack state and,

at several successive points `within a heated drying zone between the points of wetting and winding the warp, supporting the warp within and at such several points also tractively impelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said sone at such diiierent speeds that at each oi said points which succeeds another the speed will be constant but slower than at the next preceding point and the warp-carried liquid oi' the solution will be substantially -completely dispelled when the warp attains in its i travel the last of said successive points.

3. The method of treating a warp of the class set forth which consists in directing the warp lengthwise of itself and meanwhile wetting it with a sizing solution and. at several successive points within a heated drying zone. supporting the warp within and at such several points also tractively ixnpelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said zone at such different speeds that at each of said points which succeeds another the speed will herconstant but slower than at the next preceding point and the warp-carried liquid ofthe solution will be substantially completely dispelled when the warp attains in its travel the last oi said successive points and the contracting eort of the portion of the warp at any time within said zone and anterior to the latter point may expend itself substantially completely.

4. The method of treating the warp of the class set forth which consists in directing the warp lengthwise of itself and wetting it with a size solution and winding the warp in slack state and, at several successive points within a heated drying'zone between the points of wetting. and

winding the warp, supporting the warp within and at such several points also tractively impelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said zone at such diiferent speeds that at each ot said points which suc ceeds another the speed will be constant but slower than at thevnext preceding point and the warp-carried liquid ox" the solution will be substantially completely dispelled when the warp attains in its travel the last of said successive points and the contracting eilortof the portion of the warp at any time within said zone and anterior to the latter point may expend itself substantially completely.

WILLIAM HARRIS. 

